Benchmarking the effective literacy rate

نویسنده

  • Travis Lee
چکیده

By now the importance of literacy in the process of development is widely accepted. However, unlike measuring welfare or inequality, the problem of literacy measurement remains largely unexamined. Alternatives to the standard literacy rate, R, equal to the number of literate adults as a percentage of the adult population, are not well known, but this measure has its deficiencies. In particular, several authors have identified the externality accruing to proximate illiterates, that is, illiterate people with access to a literate person. The standard literacy rate ignores this externality; measures of effective literacy are sensitive to it. The present note offers two effective literacy rates (measures) and a set of axioms characterizing each. Nearly all measures of effective literacy appearing in the literature are greater than or equal to R. In fact, the best known of these, the Basu-Foster measure L∗, is strictly greater in virtually every case (see Basu and Foster [1]). Although the inequality L∗ ≥ R is an unintended consequence of their construction, it amounts to setting a benchmark for the effective literacy rate. This notes examines Basu and Foster’s framework and offers an alternative benchmark.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Benchmarking rate of members of the crisis and disaster management committee in Iranian public hospitals

Introduction: Benchmarking is one of the superior methods and processes for performance and organizational improvement. This study was conducted to determine benchmarking rate of disaster management committee members in Iranian public hospitals in effective disaster response. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. The research community was Iranian public hospitals that wer...

متن کامل

Dosimetric characterization of a high dose rate 192I source for brachytherapy application using Monte Carlo simulation and benchmarking with thermoluminescent dosimetry

Background: The purpose of this project was to derive the brachytherapy dosimetric functions described by American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) TG-43 U1 based on high dose rate 192I sources. Materials and Methods: The method utilized included both simulation of the designed Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom using the Monte Carlo of MCNP4C and benchmarking of the simulation ...

متن کامل

Benchmarking Professional Ethics Documents at Universities; Providing the Pattern and Solutions

This research aims to benchmark (national and international) experiences in the field of professional ethics documents at universities and provides solutions to improve it. The study population consisted of 100 top universities in the world (based on the Shanghai ranking) and 539 universities in Iran. Of these, 59 universities in Iran and 100 universities abroad have professional ethics documen...

متن کامل

بررسی عوامل اقتصادی، اجتماعی، فرهنگی تأثیرگذار بر میزان باروری کل در کرمانشاه

Background and purpose: Fertility is an effective factor on population growth that its influential factors can be changed over time. This study aimed at surveying some effective social, cultural and economic factors on total fertility rate (TFR) in Kermanshah. Materials and methods: The study population included women aged 15-49 years old resident in Kermanshah during 1996, 2006, and 2011....

متن کامل

Evaluating the Efficiency and Benchmarking of Regions in an Electricity Distribution Company Using a Public Lighting Asset Management Model

Public lighting networks are constructed and maintained to provide social security and traffic safety. Due to the expansion of cities, the development in public lighting is inevitable. In addition to new investment, the public lighting service and maintenance program imposes high costs on distribution companies. Since performance assessment methods focus on a combination of key performance indi...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:
  • Mathematical Social Sciences

دوره 56  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2008